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L'Aïd el Idha porte plusieurs noms, notamment «Le jour du sacrifice ». Cette fête commémore la force de la foi d'Ibrahim à son Dieu, symbolisée par l'épisode où il accepte de sacrifier, sous l'ordre de Dieu, son fils Ismaël. Après son acceptation de l'ordre divin, Dieu envoie l'archange Gabriel Jibril, qui, au dernier moment, substitue à l'enfant un mouton qui servira d'offrande sacrificielle. En souvenir de cette dévotion d'Ibrahim à son Dieu, les familles musulmanes sacrifient habituellement un mouton. 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Voici quelques conseils à suivre pour que la célébration de l'Aïd El Idha se déroule dans les meilleures conditions. Le mouton, avant son abattage, doit être mis sous diète hydrique la veille. Le jour de l'Aïd, le mouton est mis en direction de la Mecque. La «dhabiha» se pratique par incision profonde et rapide avec un couteau effilé sur la gorge de façon à couper les veines jugulaires et les artères carotides bilatéralement. Il faut laisser la moelle épinière, les convulsions de l'animal améliorent le drainage du sang. Le but de cette technique est de drainer plus efficacement le sang du corps de l'animal afin que la viande soit plus hygiénique. Une fois l'animal mort, le cuir est séparé de la carcasse, c'est ce qu'on appelle dépouillement. L'éviscération doit se faire d'une manière hygiénique pour ne pas souiller la carcasse. Evolution du muscle après abattage Le muscle après abattage subit certaines modifications physiques, chimiques et microbiologiques pour se transformer en viande. Le muscle passe par trois étapes : l'étape de la viande pantelante, la rigidité cadavérique et enfin l'état de maturation. Cette évolution est recherchée car elle permet le développement des caractéristiques organoleptiques de la viande, tel que la tendreté et la saveur. De ce fait, la viande devient tendre à partir de 48 heures sous régime de froid entre 6 et 8 degrés Celsius. L'inspection de la viande avant sa consommation Avant l'utilisation de la viande pour la consommation, il faut examiner la carcasse à distance pour déceler d'éventuelles lésions ou anomalies. Un examen rapproché par la vue et l'odorat permet de déceler les viandes purifiées, de couleur anomale et le lieu exact des éventuelles lésions. Enfin, un examen approfondi par incisions permettant d'inspecter les organes, les muscles et les ganglions. Si ces derniers présentent des anomalies, n'hésitez pas à les emmener à l'Institut national de nutrition et de technologie alimentaire qui sera ouvert pendant les deux premiers jours de l'Aïd, afin d'assurer l'inspection sanitaire gratuitement par des vétérinaires bénévoles. Et pour tout renseignement, vous pouvez contacter le : 71.150.505 ou 71.150.509.
